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A termite nest can be considered as being composed of two parts, both the inanimate and the animate. The animate is all of the termites living inside the colony, and the inanimate part is that the construction itself, which can be constructed from the termites. Nests can be broadly separated into three main classes: subterranean (entirely below ground), epigeal (protruding above the soil surface), and arboreal (built above ground, but always connected to the ground via shelter tubes).184 Epigeal nests (mounds) protrude from the earth with ground contact and are made from ground and sand.

Most termites construct underground colonies rather than multifunctional nests and mounds.186 Primitive termites of today nest in wooden constructions such as logs, stumps and the dead parts of trees, as did termites millions of years ago.184.

To build their nests, termites primarily utilize faeces, which have many desirable properties as a construction material. Other building materials include partly digested plant material, used in carton nests (arboreal nests built from faecal elements and wood), and soil, utilized in subterranean nest and mound construction. Not many nests are visible, as many nests in tropical forests are located underground.186 Species in the subfamily Apicotermitinae are great examples of subterranean nest builders, since they only dwell inside tunnels.

Nests and mounds shield the termites' tender bodies against desiccation, light, pathogens and parasites, as well as providing a fortification against predators.188 Nests made out of carton are particularly weak, and so the inhabitants use counter-attack approaches against invading predators. .

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Arboreal carton nests of mangrove swamp-dwelling Nasutitermes are enriched in lignin and depleted in cellulose and xylans. This change is caused by bacterial illness in the intestine of the termites: they use their faeces as a carton building substance. Arboreal termites nests can account for as much as 2% of above ground carbon monoxide in Puerto Rican mangrove swamps.

Some species build complex nests known as polycalic nests; this habitat is known as polycalism. Polycalic species of termites form multiple nests, or calies, connected by subterranean chambers.107 The termite genera Apicotermes and Trinervitermes are known to possess polycalic species.191 Polycalic nests appear to be less frequent in mound-building species but polycalic arboreal nests have been observed in a few species of Nasutitermes.191.

Nests are considered mounds if they protrude from the planet's surface. A mound provides termites exactly the exact same protection as a nest but is stronger.189 Mounds found in areas having torrential and continuous rainfall are in danger of mound erosion as a result of their clay-rich construction. Those made from carton can provide protection against the rain, and in fact can withstand large precipitation.

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By way of example, Cubitermes colonies build narrow tunnels utilized as strong points, as the width of the tunnels is little enough for troops to obstruct.192 A highly secure chamber, known as the"queens mobile", houses the queen and king and can be used as a last line of defence. .

Species in the genus Macrotermes arguably construct the most complex structures in the insect world, constructing enormous mounds. These mounds are among the biggest in the world, reaching a height of 8 to 9 metres (26 to 29 feet), and consist of chimneys, pinnacles and ridges.56 look these up Another termite species, Amitermes meridionalis, can construct nests 3 to 4 metres (9 to 13 ft ) high and 2.5 metres (8 ft ) wide.

The sculptured mounds occasionally have elaborate and distinctive types, such as those of their compass termite (Amitermes meridionalis and A. laurensis), which assembles tall, wedge-shaped mounds with the long axis oriented about northsouth, which gives them their common name.194195 This orientation has been experimentally shown to assist thermoregulation. The north-south orientation causes the internal temperature of a mound to increase quickly during the morning when avoiding overheating from the midday sun.

Termites construct shield tubes, also known as earthen tubes or sand tubes, that begin in the ground. These shield tubes can be found on walls and other structures.197 Constructed by termites during the night, a period of higher humidity, these tubes offer protection to termites from potential predators, especially ants.198 Shelter tubes also give high humidity and darkness and allow workers to collect food sources that cannot be obtained in any other manner.197 These passageways are produced from soil and faeces and are normally brown in colour.

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They range from less than 1 cm to several cm in width, but may extend dozens of metres in length.198.

Owing to their wood-eating habits, many termite species can do significant harm to unprotected buildings and other wooden constructions.199 Termites play an important role as decomposers of wood and vegetative material, and the conflict with humans occurs where structures and landscapes containing structural timber components, cellulose derived structural materials and ornamental vegetation provide termites with a reliable supply of food and moisture.200;Their custom of remaining concealed often results in their presence being undetected until the timbers are seriously damaged, leaving a thin coating of a wall that protects them in your environment.201 Of useful source the 3,106 species known, only 183 species cause damage; 83 species cause significant damage to wooden structures.199 In North America, 18 subterranean species are pests202; in Australia, 16 species have an economic effect; in the Indian subcontinent 26 species are considered pests, and in tropical Africa, 24.